Didactic Apparatus For Studying The Reaction Of A Jet Fluids Engineering Training Equipment Teaching Equipment Didactic Equipment

H8 Didactic Apparatus For Studying The Reaction Of A Jet Fluids Engineering Training Equipment Teaching Equipment Didactic Equipment
1.Introduction 
Over the years, engineers have found ways to utilize the force that can be imparted by a jet of fluid on a surface diverting the flow. For example, the pelton wheel has been used to make flour. Furthermore, the impulse turbine is still used in the first and sometimes the second stage of a stream turbine. Firemen make use of the kinetic energy stored in a jet to deliver water above the level of the nozzle to extinguish fires in high-rise building. Fluid jets are also used in industry for cutting metals and debarring. Many other applications of fluid jets can be cited which reveals their technological importance. 
One way of producing mechanical work from fluid under pressure is to use the pressure to accelerate the fluid to a high velocity in a jet. When directed on to the vanes of a turbine wheel, the force of the jet rotates the turbine. The force generated is due to the momentum change or ‘impulse’ that takes place as the jet strikes the vanes. Water turbines working on this impulse principle have been constructed with outputs of the order of 100000 kW and with efficiencies greater than 90%. 

2.Objectives 
This experiment aims to: 
1- Determine the force produced by a water jet when it strikes a flat vane and a hemispherical cup. 2- Compare the results measured with the theoretical values calculated from the momentum flux in the jet.
3.Apparatus 
1.adjusting nut  
2.weigh beam  
3.jockey weight  
4. Horizontal bubble  
5.top plate  
6.nozzle  
7.adjustable feet  
8.supply hose  
9.vane(flat plate shown)  
10.weigh beam plvot